Detail of foundation and method of SBC (soldering capacity)
FOUNDATIONS The lowest load bearing part of the building, usually located below the ground level, which transfers the load to the soil is known as foundation. Functions of foundations are to distribute load on soil, minimize unequal settlement, providing stability, level surface and safety against undermining and prevention of soil movement. Foundations are classified as shallow and deep. The minimum depth of shallow foundation should be where p = SBC of soil w = unit weight of soil and q = angle of repose of soil. In any case it shall not be less than the width of wall plus 300 mm. For walls inverted arch footing may be used wherever SBC of soil is less. For providing footing for walls and masonry columns, trenches of required sizes are made, the soil is rammed and a led concrete of 1 : 4 : 8 is laid to a thickness of 150 to 200 mm. Then foundation is built with stone masonry in courses 150–200 mm depth and projecting at 50 to 75 mm is each course. For R.C.C. columns isolated column f...